quinta-feira, 6 de outubro de 2011

Singapore Maps


Health of Singapore City -

What do overweight kids have to do in schools to fight obesity? 
In the Singapore, now the Fat children are separated from their classmates and ordered to do more exercising until they lose weight.
Instead of joining her friends at the canteen during recess every day, the fourth-grader and other chubby students gather in the hall and follow a teacher’s instructions to skip rope, run, and dribble a basketball.
The government created a school-based intervention program that includes rigorous exercise for plump children and recommendations on food sold in canteens, where the aromas of Western-style meals mingle with the sometimes spicy and exotic smells of local fare.


quarta-feira, 5 de outubro de 2011

Curiosities about Singapore




MAIN DATA:Area: 660 km ²
 Capital: Singapore City 
Population: 4.8 million (2010 estimate) 
Official Name: Republic of Singapore 
Nationality: Cingapuriana
 Government: Parliamentary Republic Administrative divisions: 5 regions Coat of arms of Singapore


GEOGRAPHY: 
Location: Southern Peninsular Malaysia Major Cities: 
City of Singapore Climate: Equatorial 


CULTURAL AND SOCIAL DATA: 
Composition of the Population: 
Chinese (76%), 
Malays (15%), 
Indians (6%), 
Other(3%).


Language: Malay, Mandarin, Tamil, English 


Religion:
 Chinese folk beliefs (40%),
 Islam (18.5%), 
Buddhism (14.2%), 
Christianity (15.4%),
 Hinduism (5%),
 no religion and atheism (4.7%) , 
other (2.4%). 


GDP per Capita: U.S. $ 62,100 (2010 estimate) Labor force: 3 million (2010) Currency: U.S. dollar Singaporeans


IMPORTANCE: 
Singapore has a highly developed economy based on market, which historically revolved around the trading post, in other words, a huge export economy dependent on exporting goods to other countries. Together with Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan, Singapore is one of the four Asian Tigers. The economy depends heavily on the export and refining of imported products, especially in manufacturing. The industry constituted 26% of GDP in Singapore in 2005. The manufacturing industry is well diversified, with the electronics, petroleum refining, chemicals, mechanical engineering and biomedical sciences. In 2006, Singapore produced about 10% of the world's wafer foundry. Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world and is the fourth largest foreign exchange trading center in the world after London, New York and Tokyo. Singapore was rated as the country with the largest number of companies in the family economy in the world, with thousands of foreign expatriates working in multinational companies. Singapore is also regarded as a leading center of finance in the region and the world. In addition, the city-state also employs tens of thousands of white-collar foreign workers from around the world. Singapore has a highly developed economy based on market, which historically revolved around the trading post, in other words, a huge export economy dependent on exporting goods to other countries. Together with Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan, Singapore is one of the four Asian Tigers. The economy depends heavily on the export and refining of imported products, especially in manufacturing. The industry constituted 26% of Singapore's GDP in 2005. The manufacturing industry is well diversified, with the electronics, petroleum refining, chemicals, mechanical engineering and biomedical sciences. In 2006, Singapore produced about 10% of the world's wafer foundry. Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world and is the fourth largest foreign exchange trading center in the world after London, New York and Tokyo. Singapore was rated as the country with the largest number of companies in the family economy in the world, with thousands of foreign expatriates working in multinational companies. Singapore is also regarded as a leading center of finance in the region and the world. In addition, the city-state also employs tens of thousands of white-collar foreign workers from around the world.

Some photos of Singapore City



Review of Singapore City transport

What are the types of transport in Singapore?
After these explanations, we find that the main transport in Singapore are the RapidTransit (MRT) system and Light Rail Transit (LRT) system, buses and taxis. 

Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)


Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) is an electronic system of road pricing based on a pay-as-you-use principle. It is designed to be a fair system as motorists are charged when they use the road during peak hours.
The ERP system uses a dedicated short-range radio communication system to deduct ERP charges from CashCards. These are inserted in the In-vehicle Units (IUs) of vehicles before each journey.Each time vehicles pass through a gantry when the system is in operation, the ERP charges will be automatically deducted.The speed limit on most expressways is 90 km/h. However, a few stretches still retain the old 80 km/h speed limit. To help in enforcing the speed limits, there are stationary speed cameras at several locations:
  • East Coast Parkway between Benjamin Sheares Bridge and Fort Road
  • Ayer Rajah Expressway near Buona Vista Flyover
  • Bukit Timah Expressway between Choa Chu Kang Road and Kranji Expressway
  • Pan-Island Expressway between Bukit Timah Expressway and Eng Neo Avenue
  • Central Expressway between Jalan Toa Payoh, Upper Serangoon Road junction and Braddell Road
In addition to these cameras, the Traffic Police may use portable laser-guided speed cameras (called Police Speed Laser Cameras) to catch motorists without being noticed. These cameras are operated by TP personnel from overhead bridges or flyovers. The exact locations of these speed cameras are unannounced - the Traffic Police provide only a list of roads where they may be used.

The main Electronic Road Pricing of Singapore City are the Pan-Island Expressway, EastCoast Parkway, Ayer Rajah Expressway, Central Expressway, Tampines Expressway,Seletar Expressway Kranji Expressway, Bukit Timah Expressway and Kallang-PayaLebar Expressway.







Transport of Singapore City - Taxis (SMRT Taxis, CityCab, Comfort Taxis and Yellow-Top Cab)

SMRT Taxis was rebranded on 10 May 2004. Formerly known as TIBS Taxis, the company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of SMRT Corporation on 11 December 2001 when TIBS Holdings merged with SMRT Corporation.They holds the distinction of being the only company to operate a fleet of entirely large capacity taxis. In addition to its fleet of roomy Nissan Cedric and Toyota Crown taxis, the company also operates the world-famous London Taxis and Mercedes Taxis. SMRT Taxis English speaking drivers are the only ones in the industry who don uniforms. SMRT Taxis offers Prestige on its fleet of London Taxis, which can seat five adult passengers comfortably, and also on its fleet of Mercedes Taxis in a move to establish an up-market, quality-conscious market sector.


-CityCab was formed in April 1995, through a merger of three taxi operations: Singapore Airport Services Ltd (SABS Taxi Ltd),Singapore Bus Service Taxi Pte Ltd (SBS Taxi Pte Ltd), Singapore Commuter Pte Ltd.
CityCab is jointly owned by ComfortDelGro Corporation Ltd and Singapore Technologies Kinetics.
With 10,000 drivers and operating a fleet of over 5,000 vehicles, CityCab is one of the largest taxi operators in the world.


- Comfort Taxis was then known as the Workers' Co-operative Commonwealth for Transport Limited with the aim to provide taxi drivers with a profession and better life.
From its humble beginnings of 1000 Morris Oxford taxis, Comfort Transportation has grown to become Singapore's largest taxi operator with a fleet of over 10,700 taxis. Comfort Transportation commands 53% of the local taxi market, and is reputed for its innovative services. With safety as one of Comfort's top priority, more than half of our taxi fleet is under three years.
Besides our operations in Singapore, Comfort Transportation also has a 15% equity stake in Transportation High Tech, Inc (THT), a Taiwan-registered company that operates a taxi call centre in Taipei. Since 1970

- Yellow-Top Cab was incorporated in 1996, when the company started acquiring taxi licences from private yellow-top cab owners. It now has a fleet of close to 1000 Yellow-Top Cab taxis. To cater to the specialised transportation needs of corporate clients, Yellow-Top Cab set up the Sovereign Limousine Service in 1997. Today, it has a fleet of over 200 Mercedes Benz limousine taxis with well-trained drivers to provide personalised service that goes beyond commuters' expectations. Sovereign drivers have won numerous accolades, including the prestigious national award - Tourism Host of the Year.

Transport of Singapore City - Buses (Tibs and SBS)

-Trans-Island Bus Services Ltd (Tibs) was incorporated on 31 May 1982. With an initial fleet of 37 buses on 2 bus services, Tibs rolled into operation on 3 April 1983, serving Woodlands/Sembawang corridors. Today, its network and bus fleet have expanded. It now has more than 800 buses on 65 routes with areas of operations mainly in the northern part of Singapore, namely Yishun, Woodlands, Bukit Panjang, Choa Chu Kang, Sembawang, Bukit Batok and the upcoming Simpang New Town. Tibs merged with SMRT in 2001 and was rebranded as SMRT Buses Ltd on 10 May 2004.



-SBS Transit is one of the leading bus operators in this part of the world and started rail operations in 2003. It was formed in 1973 through the merger of three private bus companies and listed on the then Stock Exchange of Singapore (SES), now known as SGX, in 1978 as Singapore Bus Service Ltd.
In November 1997, Singapore Bus Service Ltd was renamed DelGro Corporation Ltd (Now ComfortDelGro Corporation Ltd) and the subsidiary Singapore Bus Services Ltd, was separately listed on the SGX. Singapore Bus Services Ltd changed its name to SBS Transit Ltd in November 2001 to reflect its bi-modal status as a bus and rail operator.
SBS Transit aims to provide world-class public transport which is safe, comfortable, affordable, reliable and friendly. Today, SBS Transit operates 192 route services with a scheduled fleet of about 2,400 buses. The buses serve 16 interchanges, 16 bus terminals and more than 3,000 bus stops. In 2003, SBS Transit started its light rail operations in Sengkang and also started operating its Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system, the North East Line (NEL) in the same year. In 2005, SBS Transit began operating the Punggol LRT System. The passage of the a SBS costs up to $ 1,80.


source: http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01598/transport.html#Top


Transport of Singapore City - Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)

Every day, about five million trips are made on public transport. This includes the Mass Rapid Transit system and Light Rail Transit system. These systems are fast, efficient and comfortable.  It's the backbone of the city's public transport system, taking you to the north, south, east, west and north-eastern parts of Singapore.
Finding your way around Singapore's rail system is made easier with multi-lingual signs at all Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) stations. Names of stations are displayed in three languages at various parts of the station and on the system maps. Fare charts on the concourse also display station names in these languages. Commuters who are conversant in Mandarin and Tamil will be able to read the signs at the entrances to stations and along the platforms.


Informations about Singapore City

Singapore,officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the Singapore Strait to its south. The country is highly urbanised with very little primary rainforest remaining, although more land is being created for development through land reclamation.